OpenStack in HBP

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Infrastructure

oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu lsdf-28-053 141.52.214.14

oscloud-2.scc.kit.edu lsdf-28-053 141.52.214.16

oscloud-3.scc.kit.edu lsdf-28-053 141.52.214.18

oscloud-4.scc.kit.edu lsdf-28-053 141.52.214.20

oscloud-5.scc.kit.edu VM 141.52.214.63


  • Remote console on:

scc-sdm-fue-cluster-mgr.scc.kit.edu

  • VM Manager on:

http://sdmac-rhevm.scc.kit.edu/ovirt-engine/

Useful links

  • Documentation from RedHat about the Packstack tool [1]
  • The PackStack git repository [2]
  • The RDO yum repository of OpenStack RPMs for RHEL based distributions [3]
  • The latest OpenStack release (Mitaka) [4]

Installation

Single-node installation with PackStack

RHEL subscription

If the FuE cluster subscription using a local server is outdated, configure it to use the central Red Hat subscription server. This is necessary to get the latest OpenStack rpms (otherwise the repo 'rhel-7-server-openstack-8-rpms' cannot be enabled).

Change the following lines in the config file for Red Hat Subscription Manager (/etc/rhsm/rhsm.conf): 

 # Server hostname:
 hostname = subscription.rhn.redhat.com
 
 # Server prefix:
 prefix = /subscription
 
 # Content base URL:
 baseurl= https://cdn.redhat.com
 
 # Default CA cert to use when generating yum repo configs:
 repo_ca_cert = %(ca_cert_dir)sredhat-uep.pem

Then run the subscription registration with your credentials: 

 subscription-manager register --org=<org-d> --activationkey=<key> --force

Software repositories

 subscription-manager list --available --all
 subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-rpms
 subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-rh-common-rpms
 subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-openstack-8-rpms
 subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-extras-rpms
 subscription-manager repos --list
 yum install yum-utils
 yum update

Install and run PackStack

Install the Packstack package: 

 yum install -y openstack-packstack

Run Packstack (requires the machine's root password): 

 packstack --allinone

If you have issues with the MongoDB installation, run manually (also see bug at [5]): 

  yum install -y mongodb-server mongodb

The all-in-one installation creates the 'admin' and 'demo' users. To view passwords for later use, run: 

 grep OS_PASSWORD /root/keystonerc_admin

Test installation

To test your installation, log-in with the admin credentials at the dashboard: 

 http://141.52.214.14/dashboard/

Configuration

The default config parameters are saved in a packstack answers file, which can later be used to install OpenStack again.

The following should be considered for changing in the future multi-node set-up (commandline arguments for packstack are also available): 

 CONFIG_USE_EPEL=y  # this will fix the MongoDB issue
 CONFIG_NETWORK_HOSTS=<controller_ip>  # for Neutron, centralized network on controller node
 CONFIG_AMQP_ENABLE_SSL=y
 CONFIG_AMQP_ENABLE_AUTH=y
 CONFIG_KEYSTONE_IDENTITY_BACKEND=ldap  # only if we want to use LDAP as backend for identity service; interesting to check
 CONFIG_GLANCE_BACKEND=swift  # only if we want to test in the future with SWIFT, e.g. on DDN WOS; requires CONFIG_SWIFT_INSTALL=y
 CONFIG_CINDER_VOLUMES_SIZE=20G  # this is the default value, should be increased
 CONFIG_NOVA_NETWORK_FLOATRANGE=<public IP range in cidr format>  # should ask networking department
 CONFIG_HORIZON_SSL=y  # also get certificate from CA and set parameters accordingly (CONFIG_HORIZON_SSL_CERT, CONFIG_HORIZON_SSL_KEY, CONFIG_HORIZON_SSL_CACERT)
 CONFIG_PROVISION_ALL_IN_ONE_OVS_BRIDGE=n  # must be disabled for multi-node setup

Multi-Node Installation

Set-up

  • oscloud-5.scc.kit.edu: packstack
  • oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu: controller host (keystone, cinder, glance, horizon, neutron)
  • oscloud-2.scc.kit.edu: compute host (nova-compute)
  • oscloud-3.scc.kit.edu: compute host (nova-compute)
  • oscloud-4.scc.kit.edu: compute host (nova-compute)


We use the RDO repositories for the Mitaka release of OpenStack (on all nodes): 

   yum -y install  https://rdoproject.org/repos/rdo-release.rpm

Install packstack on oscloud-5: 

   yum -y install openstack-packstack

Generate answers file for packstack with default settings: 

   packstack --gen-answer-file=packstack-answers.txt

Modify the file where necessary and then deploy OpenStack: 

   packstack --answer-file=packstack-answers.txt

Answer file

The full answers file can be found at File:Packstack-answers.txt. The following settings were modified: 

   CONFIG_NAGIOS_INSTALL=n
   CONFIG_CONTROLLER_HOST=141.52.214.14
   CONFIG_COMPUTE_HOSTS=141.52.214.16,141.52.214.18,141.52.214.20
   CONFIG_NETWORK_HOSTS=141.52.214.14
   CONFIG_SELFSIGN_CACERT_SUBJECT_CN=oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu
   CONFIG_SELFSIGN_CACERT_SUBJECT_MAIL=admin@oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu
   CONFIG_AMQP_HOST=141.52.214.14
   CONFIG_AMQP_ENABLE_SSL=y
   CONFIG_AMQP_ENABLE_AUTH=y
   CONFIG_MARIADB_HOST=141.52.214.14
   CONFIG_CINDER_VOLUMES_SIZE=40G
   CONFIG_HORIZON_SSL=y
   CONFIG_PROVISION_OVS_BRIDGE=n
   CONFIG_MONGODB_HOST=141.52.214.14
   CONFIG_REDIS_MASTER_HOST=141.52.214.14
   CONFIG_KEYSTONE_API_VERSION=v3          # this does not work yet with current OpenStack and PackStack releases and Puppet modules


Identity Service

Integration with HBP OIDC

Useful links:

  • INDIGO-DataCloud instruction for OIDC-Keystone integration [6]
  • OpenStack changing Keystone from v2.0 to v3 [7]

Enabling Keystone API v3

The following operations should be performed on controller node oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu.

  • enable command line access to Keystone v3
   cp keystonerc_admin keystonerc_admin_v3
   vi keystonerc_admin_v3
       export OS_AUTH_URL=http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3/
       export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
       export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
       export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
   source keystonerc_admin_v3
  • configure keystone: change these lines in /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings:
   OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3"
   OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {
     "identity": 3
   }
   OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True
   OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = 'Default'
  • configure nova: edit /etc/nova/nova.conf
   auth_uri=http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3
   auth_version=v3
  • configure cinder: edit /etc/cinder/cinder.conf
   auth_uri=http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3
   auth_version=v3
  • restart httpd service
   service httpd restart

HBP OIDC client registration

You need to be registered by HBP AAI Team, so contact them in order to do so.

Register a new client in the HBP OpenID Connect Client Manager [8].

Keystone integration

  • install http module for oidc auth [9]
   wget https://github.com/pingidentity/mod_auth_openidc/releases/download/v2.0.0rc1/cjose-0.4.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
   wget https://github.com/pingidentity/mod_auth_openidc/releases/download/v2.0.0rc1/mod_auth_openidc-2.0.0rc1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
   yum install  cjose-0.4.1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm  mod_auth_openidc-2.0.0rc1-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
  • configure module auth_openidc
   vi /etc/httpd/conf.modules.d/auth_openidc.load
       LoadModule auth_openidc_module /etc/httpd/modules/mod_auth_openidc.so

   vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/10-keystone_wsgi_main.conf
   
       OIDCClaimPrefix "OIDC-"
       OIDCResponseType "code"
       OIDCScope "openid profile"
       OIDCProviderMetadataURL https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/oidc/.well-known/openid-configuration
       OIDCClientID <client id>
       OIDCClientSecret <client secret>
       OIDCProviderTokenEndpointAuth client_secret_basic
       OIDCCryptoPassphrase <choose anything>
       OIDCRedirectURI http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect
       
       # The JWKs URL on which the Authorization publishes the keys used to sign its JWT access tokens.
       # When not defined local validation of JWTs can still be done using statically configured keys,
       # by setting OIDCOAuthVerifyCertFiles and/or OIDCOAuthVerifySharedKeys.
       OIDCOAuthVerifyJwksUri "https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/oidc/jwk"
       
       <Location ~ "/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc">
           AuthType openid-connect
           Require valid-user
           LogLevel debug
       </Location>
       
       <Location ~ "/v3/OS-FEDERATION/identity_providers/hbp/protocols/oidc/auth">
           AuthType oauth20
           Require valid-user
           LogLevel debug
       </Location>
  • edit /etc/keystone/keystone.conf
   [auth]
   methods = external,password,token,oauth1,oidc
   oidc = keystone.auth.plugins.mapped.Mapped
   
   [oidc]
   remote_id_attribute = HTTP_OIDC_ISS
   
   [federation]
   remote_id_attribute = HTTP_OIDC_ISS
   trusted_dashboard = https://141.52.214.14/dashboard/auth/websso/
   trusted_dashboard = https://lsdf-28-053.scc.kit.edu/dashboard/auth/websso/
   trusted_dashboard = https://oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu/dashboard/auth/websso/
   sso_callback_template = /etc/keystone/sso_callback_template.html
  • service httpd restart
  • openstack group create hbp_group --description "HBP Federated users group"
  • openstack project create hbp --description "HBP project"
  • openstack role add _member_ --group hbp_group --project hbp
  • create file hbp_mapping.json
    • use HBP unique ID to create shadow users in keystone (OIDC-sub)
    • filter HBP users to allow only members of group hbp-kit-cloud
    • this group needs to be created on the OIDC server
   [
       {
       "local": [
           {
               "group": {
                   "id": "0d3f8a7ba65648008c33c59b2383b817"
               },
               "user": {
                   "domain": {
                   "id": "default"
                   },
               "type": "ephemeral",
               "name": "{0}_hbpID"
               }
           }
       ],
       "remote": [
           {
               "type":"OIDC-sub"
           },
           {
               "type": "HTTP_OIDC_ISS",
               "any_one_of": [
                   "https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/oidc/"
               ]
           },
           {
                "type": "HTTP_OIDC_GROUPS",
                "any_one_of": [
                    ".*hbp-kit-cloud.*"
                ],
                "regex": true
           }
       ]
       }
   ]
  • openstack mapping create hbp_mapping --rules hbp_mapping.json
  • openstack identity provider create hbp --remote-id https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/oidc/
  • openstack federation protocol create oidc --identity-provider hbp --mapping hbp_mapping
  • edit /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
   WEBSSO_ENABLED = True
   WEBSSO_INITIAL_CHOICE = "credentials"
   
   WEBSSO_CHOICES = (
       ("credentials", _("Keystone Credentials")),
       ("oidc", _("HBP OIDC"))
   )
  • service httpd restart

Multiple OIDC providers

Useful links:

  • INDIGO-DataCloud instructions for configuring multiple OIDC providers [10]

The set-up above will be modified to support the INDIGO IAM as a second OIDC provider.

INDIGO IAM OIDC client registration

You need to be registered by the INDIGO AAI Team, so contact them in order to do so [11]

Then register a new client under Self Service Client Registration

Preparing the metadata files

Instead of configuring the provider metadata in the httpd config files, the apache server will read them from a given folder. Each provider configuration will be defined in 3 separate files: <name>.provider, <name>.client and <name>.conf, where <name> is the urlencoded issuer value with https prefix and trailing slash stripped.

  • create metadata folder writable by the apache user:
   mkdir /var/cache/httpd/metadata
   chown apache:apache /var/cache/httpd/metadata
  • create *.provider files:
   curl https://iam-test.indigo-datacloud.eu/.well-known/openid-configuration > /var/cache/httpd/metadata/iam-test.indigo-datacloud.eu.provider
   curl https://services.humanbrainproject.eu/oidc/.well-known/openid-configuration > /var/cache/httpd/metadata/services.humanbrainproject.eu%2Foidc.provider
  • create *.client files:
    • for INDIGO IAM, copy the JSON in JSON tab in Client Configuration
    • for HBP, ensure that you have the fields client_id, client_secret and response_type:
   {
     "client_id": "<client_id>",
     "client_secret": "<client_secret>",
     "redirect_uris": [
       "https://oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect",
       "http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect",
       "http://oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect",
       "https://141.52.214.14:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect"
     ],
     "client_name": "kit-openstack",
     "token_endpoint_auth_method": "client_secret_basic",
     "scope": "openid profile offline_access",
     "grant_types": [
       "authorization_code"
     ],
     "response_types": [
       "code"
     ]
   }
  • the *.conf files can contain other parameters, like scope
   $ cat /var/cache/httpd/metadata/services.humanbrainproject.eu\%2Foidc.conf
   {
     "scope": "openid profile offline_access"
   }

   $ cat /var/cache/httpd/metadata/iam-test.indigo-datacloud.eu.conf
   {
     "scope": "address phone openid email profile"
   }
  • make sure the files are owned by the apache user:
   chown apache:apache /var/cache/httpd/metadata/*

HTTPD configuration

Edit the virtual host file /etc/httpd/conf.d/10-keystone_wsgi_main.conf: 

   OIDCMetadataDir               /var/cache/httpd/metadata
   OIDCProviderTokenEndpointAuth client_secret_basic
   OIDCCryptoPassphrase          <choose anything>
   OIDCRedirectURI               http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect
   OIDCClaimPrefix               "OIDC-"
   OIDCSessionType               server-cache
   
   <Location ~ "/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc">
       OIDCDiscoverURL http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect?iss=https%3A%2F%2Fservices.humanbrainproject.eu%2Foidc
       AuthType        openid-connect
       Require         valid-user
       LogLevel        debug
   </Location>
   
   <Location ~ "/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/iam">
       OIDCDiscoverURL http://141.52.214.14:5000/v3/auth/OS-FEDERATION/websso/oidc/redirect?iss=https%3A%2F%2Fiam-test.indigo-datacloud.eu
       AuthType        openid-connect
       Require         valid-user
       LogLevel        debug
   </Location>
   
   <Location ~ "/v3/OS-FEDERATION/identity_providers/hbp/protocols/oidc/auth">
       AuthType     oauth20
       Require      valid-user
       LogLevel     debug
   </Location>
   <Location ~ "/v3/OS-FEDERATION/identity_providers/indigo-dc/protocols/iam/auth">
       AuthType     oauth20
       Require      valid-user
       LogLevel     debug
   </Location>

Keystone configuration

Edit the file /etc/keystone/keystone.conf: 

   methods = external,password,token,oauth1,oidc,iam
   oidc = keystone.auth.plugins.mapped.Mapped
   iam = keystone.auth.plugins.mapped.Mapped

Similar to the HBP OIDC provider, create an OpenStack group, project, mapping, identity provider and federation protocol.

  • openstack group create iam_group --description "INDIGO Data Cloud IAM users group"
  • openstack project create iam --description "INDIGO Data Cloud"
  • openstack role add _member_ --group iam_group --project iam
  • create file iam_mapping.json
   [
     {
       "local": [
         {
           "group": {
             "id": "026572266d35437e8ab9a6f4adaaed63"
             },
           "user": {
             "domain": {
               "id": "default"
             },
             "type": "ephemeral",
             "name": "{0}_iamID"
           }
         }
       ],
       "remote": [
       {
         "type":"OIDC-sub"
       },
       {
         "type": "HTTP_OIDC_ISS",
         "any_one_of": [
           "https://iam-test.indigo-datacloud.eu/"
         ]
       }
      ]
     }
   ]
  • openstack mapping create iam_mapping --rules iam_mapping.json
  • openstack identity provider create indigo-dc --remote-id https://iam-test.indigo-datacloud.eu/
  • openstack federation protocol create iam --identity-provider indigo-dc --mapping iam_mapping
  • edit /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings
   WEBSSO_ENABLED = True
   WEBSSO_INITIAL_CHOICE = "credentials"
   
   WEBSSO_CHOICES = (
       ("credentials", _("Keystone Credentials")),
       ("oidc", _("HBP OIDC"))
       ("iam", _("INDIGO Data Cloud")),
   )
  • service httpd restart

Network Configuration

We want to configure Neutron to create VLAN provider networks which can connect instances directly to external networks.

  • Subnet reserved for instances: 141.52.220.64/26, vlan 350.
  • Subnet of OpenStack compute&controller nodes: 141.52.214.0/24, vlan 859.

Reference: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en/red-hat-openstack-platform/9/paged/networking-guide/chapter-7-connect-an-instance-to-the-physical-network

Configuring the controller node

  • add vlan to the list of driver types and configure vlan ranges:
   $ vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini
   
   [ml2]
   type_drivers = vxlan,flat,vlan
   [ml2_type_vlan]
   network_vlan_ranges=datacenter
  • set external_network_bridge to an empty value in /etc/neutron/l3-agent.ini, to be able to use provider external networks instead of bridge-based external networks:
   $ vim /etc/neutron/l3-agent.ini
   
   external_network_bridge =
  • restart neutron
   systemctl restart neutron-server neutron-l3-agent
  • create networks (an external one and an internal one) and a router:
   neutron net-create --shared hbp_private
   neutron subnet-create --name hbp_private_subnet --gateway 10.1.0.1 --dns-nameserver 141.3.175.65 --dns-nameserver 141.3.175.66 hbp_private 10.1.0.0/16
   neutron net-create hbp_public --router:external --provider:network_type vlan --provider:physical_network datacenter --provider:segmentation_id 350
   
   neutron subnet-create --name hbp_public_subnet --enable_dhcp=False --allocation-pool=start=141.52.220.90,end=141.52.220.119 --gateway=141.52.220.65 hbp_public 141.52.220.64/26
   
   neutron router-create hbp_router
   neutron router-gateway-set hbp_router hbp_public
   neutron router-interface-add hbp_router hbp_private_subnet

On compute nodes and controller node

  • create an external network bridge (br-ex), and associate a port (enp4s0f0) with it:
   $ vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp4s0f0
   
   BOOTPROTO="none"
   DEVICE="enp4s0f0"
   HWADDR="0c:c4:7a:1f:03:fa"    # leave the mac address unchanged
   ONBOOT=yes
   TYPE=OVSPort
   DEVICETYPE=ovs
   OVS_BRIDGE=br-ex

   $ vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-br-ex
   
   BOOTPROTO="none"
   IPADDR="141.52.214.14"    # use IP of compute/controller node you are configuring
   NETMASK="255.255.255.0"
   GATEWAY="141.52.214.1"
   DEVICE="br-ex"
   ONBOOT=yes
   PEERDNS=yes
   DNS1=141.52.8.18
   DNS2=141.52.3.3
   PEERROUTES=yes
   TYPE=OVSBridge
   DEVICETYPE=ovs
  • restart networking and add appropriate route (otherwise you will be locked out of the ssh connection)
   systemctl restart network && ip r add default via 141.52.214.1
  • configure physical network in ovs plugin and map bridges accordingly:
   $ vim /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/openvswitch_agent.ini
   
   bridge_mappings = datacenter:br-ex
  • restart ovs agent
   systemctl restart neutron-openvswitch-agent
  • to enable compute metadata access (instances directly connected to the provider external network instead of neutron router) do the following on all compute nodes and controller:
   $ vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini
   
   enable_isolated_metadata = True
   
   $ systemctl restart neutron-dhcp-agent
  • for a tap port to be created under br-int for the dhcp process:
   $ vim /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini
   
   interface_driver = neutron.agent.linux.interface.OVSInterfaceDriver
   
   $ systemctl restart neutron-dhcp-agent
  • issue: only users with admin role can attach VM ports to the external provider network created by the admin user; on all controller and compute nodes, edit the policy file of nova and change the network:attach_external_network property to empty string:
   $ vim /etc/nova/policy.json
   
   "network:attach_external_network": ""

Test the configuration

Test creating a VM and connecting it directly to the external provider network: 

   nova boot --flavor m1.tiny --image cirros test --nic net-name=hbp_public
   ssh cirros@<ip>

Test creating a VM with a NIC in the internal network, and then attaching a floating IP from the external network: 

   nova boot --flavor m1.tiny --image cirros test_float --nic net-name=hbp_private
   neutron floatingip-create hbp_public # retain id of newly-created floating ip
   neutron port-list # get id of port corresponding to the VM's NIC in the hbp_private network
   neutron floatingip-associate <floating ip id> <port id>
   ssh cirros@<floating ip>

Docker Integration

References:

Installation

We perform the following operations on one of the compute nodes (oscloud-4.scc.kit.edu).

Install docker engine

  • add the repo:
   $ sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo <<-EOF
   [dockerrepo]
   name=Docker Repository
   baseurl=https://yum.dockerproject.org/repo/main/centos/7
   enabled=1
   gpgcheck=1
   gpgkey=https://yum.dockerproject.org/gpg
   EOF
  • install docker-engine:
   yum update; yum install docker-engine
  • start the daemon:
   service docker start
  • check that docker is working:
   docker run hello-world

Install docker driver for openstack

  • clone git branch corresponding to your OpenStack version and install it:
   git clone https://github.com/stackforge/nova-docker.git -b stable/mitaka
   cd nova-docker/
   python setup.py install

Configuration

Configure nova compute machine

  • edit file /etc/nova/nova.conf:
   [DEFAULT]
   compute_driver = novadocker.virt.docker.DockerDriver
  • create the following folder if it doesn't exist
   mkdir /etc/nova/rootwrap.d
  • add file inside with content:
   $ sudo tee /etc/nova/rootwrap.d/docker.filters <<-EOF
   # nova-rootwrap command filters for setting up network in the docker driver
   # This file should be owned by (and only-writeable by) the root user
   [Filters]
   # nova/virt/docker/driver.py: 'ln', '-sf', '/var/run/netns/.*'
   ln: CommandFilter, /bin/ln, root
   EOF
  • restart nova compute service:
   systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute
  • in order for nova to communicate with docker over its local socket, add nova to the docker group and restart the compute service to pick up the change:
   usermod -G docker nova
   systemctl restart openstack­-nova-­compute

Configure image service

On the node that runs the glance service (oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu):

  • edit file /etc/glance/glance-api.conf:
   [DEFAULT]
   container_formats = ami,ari,aki,bare,ovf,docker
  • restart glance services:
   systemctl restart openstack-glance-api openstack-glance-registry

Test the installation

   docker pull nginx
   docker save nginx | glance image-create --container-format=docker --disk-format=raw --name nginx
   nova boot --flavor m1.small --image nginx nginxtest --nic net-name=hbp_public --availability-zone nova:lsdf-28-059.scc.kit.edu
   curl http://<IP>

Scheduling on mixed libvirt-docker deployments

The availability zone needs to be specified on mixed deployments like the one we have, where some compute nodes support docker, while other support qemu (mixing a libvirt hypervisor with a docker hypervisor on the _same_ host is not recommended).

To let OpenStack know which nodes support docker without specifying the availability zone each time we create a docker container, we rely on the 'ImagePropertiesFilter' property of Nova Scheduler to schedule the image properly, based on a custom image property that we set in advance for each image in glance.

  • we set a custom property for each image (hypervisor_type):
   glance image-update <id nginx image> --property hypervisor_type=docker
   glance image-update <id cirros image> --property hypervisor_type=qemu
  • make sure in /etc/nova/nova.conf that scheduler_default_filters contains ImagePropertiesFilter [12]

Remote access to Docker containers

To get inside your Docker containers, you might be tempted to use ssh. If you still want to do it after reading this [13]piece explaining how Docker+SSH=evil, then go ahead and add an ssh server to your docker image. Otherwise, the information below is for an ssh-less access to containers.

In a nutshell, we will use nsenter or docker-enter and the ssh authorized_keys command option. All the steps will be performed on the OpenStack node running nova-docker, unless specified otherwise.

  • install nsenter
   docker run --rm -v /usr/local/bin:/target jpetazzo/nsenter
  • test nsenter (get the container name or ID with docker ps)
   PID=$(docker inspect --format Template:.State.Pid <container_name_or_ID>)
   nsenter --target $PID --mount --uts --ipc --net --pid
  • similarly, use docker-enter which is a wrapper that takes the container name or id and enters is:
   docker-enter <container_name_or_ID>
  • or execute command in container directly with docker-enter
   docker-enter <container_name_or_ID> ls -la

All these operations need access to the host running the docker container. If we don't want to give users complete access to the machine, we can use command in authorized_keys to allow only execution of docker-enter:

  • edit .ssh/authorized_keys on by prefixing a user's ssh key with the following options:
   no-port-forwarding,no-X11-forwarding,no-agent-forwarding,command="docker-enter ${SSH_ORIGINAL_COMMAND}" ssh-rsa <key> user@host
  • from its own machine, the user can enter the container using the public key above and start executing commands:
   ssh root@oscloud-4.scc.kit.edu <container_name_or_ID>
  • where oscloud-4.scc.kit.edu is the host running the docker containers and the nova-docker
  • for OpenStack users, you can get the container ID by checking the ID in the OpenStack dashboard and adding the "nova-" prefix, e.g. nova-869f7797-c0ac-4d70-9b0e-3bd81172f8a3

Image Repository

Glance-S3 integration

Changing the storage back-end of Glance to use the S3 storage at http://s3.data.kit.edu.

  • create S3 keys for glance user on S3 admin node (141.52.220.79):
   accesskeyctl -g openstack_glance
  • the previous command will return an access key and a secret key for the glance user; save them for later use
  • create S3 bucket for glance to store images into, e.g. with s3cmd (where the credentials have been plugged into config file .s3cfg.glance):
   s3cmd -c .s3cfg.glance mb s3://openstack_glance
  • on OpenStack controller node (oscloud-1.scc.kit.edu), update settings in /etc/glance/glance-api.conf to use s3 as default back-end, with newly created credentials:
   stores = file,http,s3
   default_store = s3
   s3_store_host = s3.data.kit.edu
   s3_store_access_key = <s3_access_key>
   s3_store_secret_key = <s3_secret_key>
   s3_store_bucket = openstack_glance
   s3_store_create_bucket_on_put = false
   s3_store_bucket_url_format = subdomain
   # multipart upload stuff
   s3_store_large_object_size = 100
   s3_store_large_object_chunk_size = 10
   s3_store_thread_pools = 10
  • restart glance services
   systemctl restart openstack-glance-api openstack-glance-registry
  • create image
   wget http://cdimage.debian.org/cdimage/openstack/current/debian-8.6.1-openstack-amd64.qcow2
   glance --debug image-create --name="Debian 8.6.1" --disk-format=qcow2 --container-format=bare --property architecture=x86_64 --property hypervisor_type=qemu --progress --file=debian-8.6.1-openstack-amd64.qcow2
  • if you need to migrate existing images to the new back-end, check the link (we chose to skip this step)
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