Difference between revisions of "Concurrent Programming"
(Update for 2015 tutorial) |
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| − | ==Under Construction== |
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| − | ''Caveat Emptor'' these pages are still being adapted for the 2015 school, so don't trust the exact links/content yet! |
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== Introduction == |
== Introduction == |
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=== Threaded Building Blocks === |
=== Threaded Building Blocks === |
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| − | Threaded Building Blocks is a higher level C++ that supports many common design patterns for applications to take advantage of multi-threading capabilities. Basic patterns like parallel loops and reductions are available. We'll also look at the TBB graph constructs. |
+ | Threaded Building Blocks is a higher level C++ template library that supports many common design patterns for applications to take advantage of multi-threading capabilities. Basic patterns like parallel loops and reductions are available. We'll also look at the TBB graph constructs. |
TBB includes useful containers, which are thread safe, as well as a high performance multi-threaded implementation of malloc. |
TBB includes useful containers, which are thread safe, as well as a high performance multi-threaded implementation of malloc. |
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=== Talk === |
=== Talk === |
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| − | The introductory talk to this tutorial is [ |
+ | The introductory talk to this tutorial is [FIXME here]. |
== Setup == |
== Setup == |
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=== General === |
=== General === |
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| + | The machines we'll use in the tutorial are RedHat Enterprise 7 machines. On these the native C++ compiler is gcc4.8.3, |
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| − | It's important to setup the Redhat ''devtoolset'' to have access to a |
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| − | + | which has C++11 support and supports all the tutorial exercises fine. |
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| + | As as aside, if you want the very latest C++14 standard support, gcc5.2 is recommended, but for this tutorial C++11 contains |
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| − | To do this login and execute this command: |
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| + | all we need. |
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| − | |||
| − | <code> |
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| − | $ scl enable devtoolset-2 bash |
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| − | </code> |
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| − | |||
| − | You can verify that all is well by asking for the gcc version, which |
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| − | should be 4.8.2: |
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| − | <code> |
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| − | $ g++ --version |
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| − | g++ (GCC) 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-15) |
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| − | </code> |
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| + | ''If you wish to use your own machine to do the tutorial exercises then please make sure your gcc version is 4.8 at minimum!'' |
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=== C++11 Compiler Options === |
=== C++11 Compiler Options === |
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* <code>-pthread</code> - Enable posix thread support, which is the underlying thread library used by libstdc++ on linux platforms |
* <code>-pthread</code> - Enable posix thread support, which is the underlying thread library used by libstdc++ on linux platforms |
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| − | You might well find this [https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/blob/ |
+ | You might well find this [https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/blob/gridka15/src/cpp11/Makefile Makefile] |
useful. It will compile any <code>.cc</code> file into an executable with the correct |
useful. It will compile any <code>.cc</code> file into an executable with the correct |
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compiler flags. |
compiler flags. |
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=== Threaded Building Blocks === |
=== Threaded Building Blocks === |
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| − | Intel Threaded Building Blocks has been compiled and installed into |
+ | Intel Threaded Building Blocks v4.4 has been compiled and installed into |
<code>/usr/local</code> (specifically <code>/usr/local/include</code> for header files and |
<code>/usr/local</code> (specifically <code>/usr/local/include</code> for header files and |
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<code>/usr/local/lib64</code> for libraries). Thus you shouldn't need any special |
<code>/usr/local/lib64</code> for libraries). Thus you shouldn't need any special |
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| − | extra setup to use is during the school. ( |
+ | extra setup to use is during the school. (In fact TBB is very easy to install from source.) |
Compiling against TBB should just work, but linking requires <code>-ltbb</code> and <code>-lrt</code>. |
Compiling against TBB should just work, but linking requires <code>-ltbb</code> and <code>-lrt</code>. |
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[https://www.threadingbuildingblocks.org/ Intel documentation] is |
[https://www.threadingbuildingblocks.org/ Intel documentation] is |
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more convenient. |
more convenient. |
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| + | |||
| + | ''If you have a machine or distribution on which TBB is installed, and you intend to use that, please make sure it's an up to date version, at least v4.2.'' |
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== Writing Code == |
== Writing Code == |
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* vi - The other classic editor from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_war editor wars] |
* vi - The other classic editor from the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Editor_war editor wars] |
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* geany - A nice standalone GUI editor with indentation and code highlighting, but you will need to switch on X forwarding to use it (so <code>ssh -Y -p 24 multithr@gks-XXX.scc.kit.edu</code>) |
* geany - A nice standalone GUI editor with indentation and code highlighting, but you will need to switch on X forwarding to use it (so <code>ssh -Y -p 24 multithr@gks-XXX.scc.kit.edu</code>) |
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| − | |||
| − | We have also setup working VNC on these machines, if you would prefer to use a VNC client from your laptop. |
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If you want us to really recommend something then we pick <code>geany</code> ;-) |
If you want us to really recommend something then we pick <code>geany</code> ;-) |
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Introductions to each section of the tutorial are here: |
Introductions to each section of the tutorial are here: |
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| − | https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/tree/ |
+ | https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/tree/gridka15/doc |
and exercises are at the end of each document. |
and exercises are at the end of each document. |
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The file |
The file |
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| − | https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/blob/ |
+ | https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/blob/gridka15/doc/XX-Answers.md |
lists the source code that is the solution to each of the exercises. Feel free to look at that if you need a hint or want to check your answer. |
lists the source code that is the solution to each of the exercises. Feel free to look at that if you need a hint or want to check your answer. |
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You can clone the git repository like this: |
You can clone the git repository like this: |
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| − | <code>git clone https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency.git -b |
+ | <code>git clone https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency.git -b gridka15</code> |
| − | N.B. This will clone the GridKA |
+ | N.B. This will clone the GridKA 2015 version of the repository, if you want to clone the master branch then just do |
<code>git clone https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency.git</code> |
<code>git clone https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency.git</code> |
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Revision as of 21:06, 7 September 2015
Contents
Introduction
This tutorial consists of two sections:
- C++11 Concurrency
- Intel Threaded Building Blocks
C++11 Concurrency
C++11 introduced direct support in the language for concurrency, with the ability to launch and manage different threads. Support for mutexes and other synchronisation mechanisms are available.
Threaded Building Blocks
Threaded Building Blocks is a higher level C++ template library that supports many common design patterns for applications to take advantage of multi-threading capabilities. Basic patterns like parallel loops and reductions are available. We'll also look at the TBB graph constructs.
TBB includes useful containers, which are thread safe, as well as a high performance multi-threaded implementation of malloc.
Talk
The introductory talk to this tutorial is [FIXME here].
Setup
General
The machines we'll use in the tutorial are RedHat Enterprise 7 machines. On these the native C++ compiler is gcc4.8.3, which has C++11 support and supports all the tutorial exercises fine.
As as aside, if you want the very latest C++14 standard support, gcc5.2 is recommended, but for this tutorial C++11 contains all we need.
If you wish to use your own machine to do the tutorial exercises then please make sure your gcc version is 4.8 at minimum!
C++11 Compiler Options
To compile concurrent C++11 programs you'll need two flags for g++:
-std=c++11- Use the new C++11 standards-pthread- Enable posix thread support, which is the underlying thread library used by libstdc++ on linux platforms
You might well find this Makefile
useful. It will compile any .cc file into an executable with the correct
compiler flags.
A good reference for C++ concurrency libraries is http://www.cplusplus.com/ (use the reference section, under multi-threading).
Threaded Building Blocks
Intel Threaded Building Blocks v4.4 has been compiled and installed into
/usr/local (specifically /usr/local/include for header files and
/usr/local/lib64 for libraries). Thus you shouldn't need any special
extra setup to use is during the school. (In fact TBB is very easy to install from source.)
Compiling against TBB should just work, but linking requires -ltbb and -lrt.
The Makefile here will add all the flags you need, and enable -std=c++11 so it's recommended.
Documentation for TBB is installed into /usr/local/share/tbb/html,
but using the
Intel documentation is
more convenient.
If you have a machine or distribution on which TBB is installed, and you intend to use that, please make sure it's an up to date version, at least v4.2.
Writing Code
You will have been given access to a machine on which to complete the tutorial. There are a suite of editors available and you can pick whichever you like best:
- nano - A very simple text editor (but lacks helpful things such as automatic indentation and code colourisation)
- emacs - The classic Stallman text editor
- vi - The other classic editor from the editor wars
- geany - A nice standalone GUI editor with indentation and code highlighting, but you will need to switch on X forwarding to use it (so
ssh -Y -p 24 multithr@gks-XXX.scc.kit.edu)
If you want us to really recommend something then we pick geany ;-)
Exercises
Introductions to each section of the tutorial are here:
https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/tree/gridka15/doc
and exercises are at the end of each document.
The file
https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/blob/gridka15/doc/XX-Answers.md
lists the source code that is the solution to each of the exercises. Feel free to look at that if you need a hint or want to check your answer.
You can clone the git repository like this:
git clone https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency.git -b gridka15
N.B. This will clone the GridKA 2015 version of the repository, if you want to clone the master branch then just do
git clone https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency.git
References
https://github.com/graeme-a-stewart/cpp-concurrency/blob/master/doc/00-TipsReferences.md
Is the current 'master' copy of the introduction, which provides references.
